Scientist & Inventor Names

English scientist who contributed to electromagnetism

Nobel Prize-winning molecular biologist

British surgeon and pioneer of antiseptic surgery

Physician and immunologist

Nobel Prize-winning biologist who discovered penicillin

Influential pediatrician and author

Inventor of the single-wire telegraph and Morse code

Danish astronomer and horticulturalist

Theoretical physicist known as the father of the atomic bomb

Physicist who described the Doppler effect

Prolific American inventor of the light bulb and phonograph

Naturalist known for the theory of evolution

Physicist and mathematician who formulated the laws of motion

Pioneering computer scientist and US Navy rear admiral

Marine biologist and author of Silent Spring

Founder of child psychoanalysis

Theoretical physicist and string theorist

Renowned British neurologist and author

Nobel Prize-winning physicist and former Secretary of Energy

NASA mathematician who calculated flight trajectories for Project Mercury

Inventor of the World Wide Web

Nobel Prize-winning American experimental physicist

Nobel Prize-winning theoretical physicist

Italian mathematician and philosopher

Industrial engineer and psychologist

Pioneering German astronomer

Theoretical physicist and cosmologist

Pioneer of the Unix operating system

Founder of Atari and Chuck E. Cheese

NASA astronaut who set the record for longest female spaceflight

Physician and pioneer of the smallpox vaccine

Austrian-British psychoanalyst and pioneer of play therapy

Nobel Prize-winning physiologist known for classical conditioning

Nobel Prize-winning physicist and father of quantum theory

Pioneering French mathematician and physicist

Molecular biologist who helped discover how to make insulin

Nobel Prize-winning neuroscientist

Astrophysicist who discovered the first radio pulsars

Pioneering computer scientist and codebreaker

Influential American cultural anthropologist

Astronaut and first American woman to walk in space

Medieval mathematician known for the Fibonacci sequence

Influential American geomorphologist and hydrologist

Astronomer who discovered four moons of Saturn

American virologist and medical researcher

Prominent American oncologist and bioethicist

American geologist and Apollo 17 astronaut

Chemist and physicist who proposed the atomic theory

NASA astronaut and engineer

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst

American biochemist and retired NASA astronaut

American psychologist known for the hierarchy of needs

First woman to fly in space

Physicist and founder of electromagnetism

Co-founder of the Polaroid Corporation and inventor

American mechanical engineer and retired NASA astronaut

Astronomer who discovered the composition of stars

Nobel Prize-winning economist

Inventor of the first practical telephone

Renowned computer scientist and mathematician

Geneticist who developed DNA profiling techniques

Influential statistician and software developer

Biologist and chemist who developed vaccines and pasteurization

American sociologist and former White House official

Influential German mathematician

U.S. Army physician who confirmed yellow fever transmission

Ophthalmologist and laser surgery pioneer

Nobel Prize-winning physicist and inventor of holography

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Pioneering cancer researcher

Theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity

American chemist and editor-in-chief of Science

Swedish scientist, philosopher, and theologian

Famous primatologist and anthropologist

First British astronaut

Software engineer and co-author of the Mosaic browser

Renowned astronomer and science communicator

Cognitive scientist and AI pioneer

Pioneering sexologist of Masters and Johnson

Biotechnologist who led the first draft sequence of the human genome

Co-discoverer of the structure of DNA

Astronomer and co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9

Nobel Prize-winning physicist and chemist who discovered radioactivity

Nobel Prize winner who co-discovered insulin

Costa Rican-American mechanical engineer and former NASA astronaut

English mathematician and first computer programmer

Renowned American marine biologist and oceanographer

Astronaut and first Hispanic woman in space

One of the world's first female engineers

English botanist known as the father of plant anatomy

Swiss-American psychiatrist and pioneer in near-death studies

Nobel Peace Prize winner and pioneer of microfinance

Norwegian physicist who nominated for the Nobel Prize

English obstetrician and geologist who discovered the first dinosaur fossils

Influential linguist and Yiddish scholar

Medical researcher who developed the first polio vaccine

Astronomer who pioneered work on galaxy rotation rates

Mathematical physicist and engineer who developed the Kelvin scale

Nobel Prize-winning chemist

Nobel Prize-winning cytogeneticist

Nobel Prize-winning chemist and physicist

13th-century Persian polymath and astronomer

Mathematician and pioneer of computer science

American physician and diplomat

Nobel Prize-winning economist and sociologist

American astrophysicist and science communicator

Inventor and draftsman who worked with Edison

Co-founder of Apple Inc. and computer engineer

Considered the most important American botanist of the 19th century

American astronomer who determined the Sun's position in the Milky Way

Pioneering neurosurgeon and 'Father of Modern Neurosurgery'

18th-century French mathematician and physicist

Nobel Prize-winning chemist who determined the structure of penicillin

Nobel Prize-winning Egyptian-American chemist

10th-century astronomer and astrolabe maker

NASA astronaut and engineer

First female Space Shuttle commander and pilot

Renowned roboticist and educator

NASA astronaut and medical doctor

First Mexican citizen to fly in space

American zoologist and mammalogist

First female Fields Medalist in mathematics

Nobel Prize-winning physicist and inventor of the cyclotron

Influential American conservationist and author

Swedish chemist and inventor of the Nobel Prize

American physicist and astronaut

Nobel Prize-winning biologist who discovered blood groups

Physicist and inventor of the electric battery

Influential German mathematician

Aerospace engineer who worked for Boeing and NASA

Inventor and electrical engineer

American physicist who helped build the first nuclear reactor

Renowned American biologist and cancer researcher

The father of modern chemistry

First African American woman in space

Renowned Mexican astronomer and science communicator

Marine biologist and climate policy expert

First American woman in space

Co-founder of Intel and author of Moore's Law

Logician, mathematician, and philosopher

First woman to earn a PhD in physics from Cambridge University

Nobel Prize-winning molecular biologist

Primatologist and conservationist

Theoretical physicist (alternate spelling of Stephen)

Pioneering neurosurgeon

Computer scientist and virtual reality pioneer

Italian astronomer who has discovered nearly 200 asteroids

Influential American cultural anthropologist

Prolific American inventor of the light bulb and phonograph

German scientist who made major contributions to agricultural and biological chemistry

Renowned paleobotanist and conservationist

Nobel Prize-winning neurobiologist

Soviet rocket scientist and engineer

Marine biologist and shark conservationist

American mountaineer and environmental chemist

Mathematician and pupil of Galileo

Nobel Peace Prize-winning agronomist

Dutch microbiologist known as the Father of Microbiology

Chemist who created the Periodic Table of Elements

Peruvian-American NASA aerospace engineer

Nobel Prize-winning economist

Astronomer who discovered Pluto

Naturalist and biologist known for the theory of evolution

17th-century mathematician, physicist, and philosopher

Astrophysicist who led the team that captured the first image of a black hole

Internet security and strategic studies researcher

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Prominent breast cancer surgeon and author

English mathematician known for Taylor's theorem

Italian particle physicist and Director-General of CERN

Pioneering Sierra Leonean physician

Renowned historian of science

Fields Medal-winning mathematician

Italian-American physicist and author

Swedish astronomer who developed the Celsius temperature scale

NASA engineer and inventor of the Super Soaker

Astrophysicist who discovered the first radio pulsars

Artificial intelligence researcher and writer

Theoretical physicist and writer

Nobel Prize-winning medical physicist

Astronomer for whom the Kuiper Belt is named

Fields Medal-winning mathematician

Renowned neurobiologist and geneticist

Nobel Prize-winning radio astronomer

American astronomer known for the Planetesimal Hypothesis

16th-century anatomist and physician

Botanist and explorer who participated in the Malaspina Expedition

Mathematician known for her contributions to the development of GPS

American scientist who first discovered the greenhouse effect

Biochemist and prominent creationist debater

Swedish engineer and inventor, father of Alfred Nobel

Nobel Prize-winning chemist and physicist

Theoretical physicist specializing in quantum information

French volcanologist and filmmaker

Biophysicist and Olympic gold medalist in sailing

Young inventor of infection-detecting surgical sutures

Biologist known as 'Darwin's Bulldog'

English astronomer who calculated the orbit of Halley's Comet

Nobel Prize-winning economist

17th-century physician and biologist

Logician and set theorist

Renowned roboticist and educator

Founder of Bose Corporation and MIT professor

American theoretical cosmologist and professor

Aerospace scientist and 11th President of India

Egyptologist and honorary visiting professor at the University of York

Renowned American explorer, mountaineer, and cartographer

Computer scientist and inventor of SixthSense technology

Pioneering Russian mathematician and writer

Medical pioneer who developed the procedure to treat blue baby syndrome

One of the first African-American women to receive a PhD in mathematics

Nobel Prize-winning Danish biochemist

Inventor who developed an electromechanical tabulating machine

Nobel Prize-winning chemist known for sugar research

Italian mathematician specializing in numerical analysis

American mathematician and professor

Spanish physician, scientist, and philosopher

Swiss mathematician

Computer architect and father of the USB standard

Pioneer in agricultural science and botany

Renowned oceanographer and filmmaker

Pioneering Russian physician and psychoanalyst

MIT researcher and inventor of AlterEgo

Pioneering African-American geographer

Sociologist and academic

Oceanographer and first Indian woman to visit Antarctica

Nobel Prize-winning political economist

Renowned particle physicist who co-discovered the J/psi meson

Nobel Prize-winning economist and professor

Serbian-American inventor and electrical engineer

Influential Swiss botanist and phytosociologist

Austrian psychiatrist and Holocaust survivor

German theoretical physicist known for his work in particle and solid state physics

Environmental engineer and plastic pollution researcher

Inventor of the first portable fully automatic machine gun

Google research scientist and creator of Google News

Theoretical astrophysicist known for gravitational wave research

English astronomer who calculated the orbit of the comet named after him

Engineer who invented the electric fan

Chemist whose work was central to understanding DNA structure

Nobel Prize-winning physicist who discovered argon

American linguist and scholar of Yiddish language

Cognitive psychologist and researcher of child development

Russian science writer and mathematician

Influential Soviet psychologist

Software engineer and creator of the Linux kernel

Engineer and inventor of modern air conditioning

Nobel Prize-winning physicist and discoverer of radioactivity

Renowned social psychologist and philosopher

English astronomer who calculated the orbit of the namesake comet

Inventor and electrical engineer

Renowned linguist, philosopher, and cognitive scientist

Renowned American agricultural scientist and inventor

Nobel Prize-winning physicist known for the Schrödinger's cat thought experiment

Nobel Prize-winning theoretical physicist

Social psychologist known for motivated reasoning

Canada's first female astronaut and neurologist

Brazilian mathematician

Pioneering computer scientist and programmer

NASA aerospace engineer

Nobel Prize-winning zoologist and ethologist

Renowned herpetologist and arachnologist

Norwegian adventurer and ethnographer known for the Kon-Tiki expedition

Serbian-American inventor and physicist

Australian psychologist and industrial researcher

Influential French anthropologist and ethnologist

Persian physician, astronomer, and geographer

Pioneering chemist and academic

Nobel Prize-winning physiologist who invented the EKG

Nobel Prize-winning microbiologist

Nobel Peace Prize-winning nuclear physicist and dissident

Political scientist and author of Clash of Civilizations

English arachnologist and entomologist

Founder of the non-profit educational organization Khan Academy

Turing Award-winning computer scientist and creator of Pascal

Somali human rights activist and physician

Hungarian pediatrician and child development theorist

Nobel Prize-winning nuclear physicist and activist

Palestinian molecular biologist

Chemist and physician who discovered the element strontium

Inventor of the World Wide Web

Influential American nutritionist and author

Inventor of the diesel engine

16th-century Italian anatomist and physician

Fields Medal-winning mathematician

The first female medical student and doctor in Chile

Pioneering dentist and educator

Professor and researcher in digital fabrication

Pioneer of electrochemical research

Scholar of Arabic language and literature

Physical anthropologist

French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher

Philosopher and professor of technology

Inventor of the diesel engine

American botanist and professor

Nobel Prize-winning chemist who developed radiocarbon dating

American physician and retired NASA astronaut

Augustinian friar and founder of modern genetics

Influential French geographer

Pioneer in public opinion polling

One of the six original programmers of the ENIAC computer

Swiss botanist who established the concept of the 'biological clock'

Inventor of the gramophone

Computer engineer and inventor who founded Wang Laboratories

Educational psychologist and researcher

Nobel Prize-winning theoretical physicist

Pioneering heart surgeon who performed the first artificial heart transplant

Chemist who formulated the Periodic Law and created the periodic table

Renowned Brazilian anthropologist and author

Health policy researcher and sociologist

Renowned Colombian epidemiologist and cancer researcher

Renaissance astronomer who formulated the heliocentric model

Renowned Spanish archaeologist and Egyptologist

American chemist known for the Hansch equation

Legal scholar and constitutional law expert

Prominent cognitive neuroscientist and author

Professor of Hebrew Scripture at Oxford University

Fields Medal-winning mathematician

English astronomer famous for describing 'Baily's beads' during an eclipse

Physicist and biologist who discovered bioelectricity

Mathematician who specialized in numerical analysis

Nobel Prize-winning zoologist and immunologist

Prominent electrical engineer and information theorist

Canadian mathematician

NASA astronaut and biochemist

Saudi physician and family protection activist

Physicist and astronomer considered the father of India's space program

Countess of Lovelace and first computer programmer

French physician and former president of Médecins Sans Frontières

Forensic pathologist who discovered CTE

Turing Award-winning computer scientist

Nobel Prize-winning virologist

Renaissance polymath who formulated the heliocentric model (variant spelling)

Nobel Prize-winning Turkish-American biochemist

American meteorologist and advocate of time zones

German professor and scholar of cultural studies

Nobel Prize-winning geneticist

Prominent German sociologist and systems theorist

German biochemist known for Michaelis-Menten kinetics

American dentist and inventor known for early wireless telegraphy

Mexican physician and philosopher who founded the National Preparatory School

Professor of Chemical Biology at the University of Oxford

Renowned Indian ornithologist and naturalist

Polish physician and co-founder of the Polish Tatra Society

German astronomer and mathematician

Austrian-American psychoanalyst and colleague of Freud

Austrian-British psychoanalyst

Engineer and philanthropist for whom the Heineman Prize is named

Pioneering pharmacist and educator

Nobel Prize-winning physician who discovered the Hepatitis B virus

American astronomer known for the Shapley-Curtis Debate

American ornithologist and forensic expert

Nobel Prize-winning physiologist

Renowned Indian ornithologist and naturalist

Prominent Turkish linguist and dialectologist

Renowned Indian economist

Brazilian geneticist and professor

Astronomer who discovered the relation between luminosity and the period of Cepheid variables

One of the original programmers of the ENIAC computer

Nobel Prize-winning physicist and chemist

Researcher in human-computer interaction

Self-taught entrepreneur and computer chip designer

Swiss sustainability advocate and developer of the Ecological Footprint

Nobel Prize-winning physicist who discovered the quark

American surgeon and pharmacist who first used inhaled sulfuric ether as an anesthetic

Armenian physician and researcher

Inventor of the telegraph and Morse code

Nobel Prize-winning physicist and creator of the first nuclear reactor

Soviet cosmonaut and first person to conduct a spacewalk

Medical researcher and professor at Georgetown University

Renowned mathematician who created the Game of Life

Nobel Prize-winning chemist

Computer programmer and author of the BitTorrent protocol

Nobel Prize-winning surgeon and researcher

Nuclear physicist and professional ufologist

Theoretical physicist and pioneer of quantum mechanics

Soil scientist and researcher

Theoretical physicist and mathematician

First female veterinary surgeon in Britain and Ireland

Pioneering Russian mathematician and first female professor in Northern Europe

English mathematician and first woman to score highest in the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos

Notable cyberneticist and systems theorist

Renowned Greek mathematician and physicist

Nobel Prize-winning physicist known for the Lorentz transformation

Renowned anthropologist and first female president of Lincoln University

Renowned American sociologist and author

Award-winning inventor and entrepreneur in chemical engineering

Nobel Prize-winning physical chemist

Groundbreaking German mathematician known for Noether's theorem

Prolific British mathematician who helped found the modern school of pure mathematics

First female Saudi astronaut to go into space

Inventor of the first practical telephone

Computer scientist and professor at UIUC

Physicist and director of Los Alamos National Laboratory

Pharmacist who created the scale for measuring pepper heat

Co-inventor of the hot air balloon

Feminist psychologist and professor

Influential American economist

Renaissance polymath who formulated the heliocentric model

Nobel Prize-winning German chemist

Renowned American astronomer and science communicator

17th-century mathematician, physicist, and philosopher

Co-founder of Qualcomm and engineer

American physicist and environmental scientist

Astronomer known for her work on the star KIC 8462852

Engineer and inventor of the Ferris wheel

Computer programmer who developed the first wiki

French anthropologist and resistance member

Greek mathematician and engineer

Renaissance mathematician and engineer

French mathematician who devised the Julia set

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Physician and molecular biologist who proved DNA is the material of heredity

Ecuadorian physician and first woman to vote in Latin America

NASA astronaut and U.S. Air Force pilot

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Theoretical physicist known for the large extra dimensions theory

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Professor of Religion, Ethics, and Peace Studies

Professor of History and Philosophy of Science at Cambridge

English chemist and physicist who invented the Daniell cell

First African American to earn a PhD in Mathematics

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Austrian physicist who developed photographic nuclear emulsions

Influential Swiss Jungian psychologist and author

Biochemist who formulated the concept of vitamins

Prolific American inventor of the light bulb and phonograph

Australian engineer and environmental sociologist

First female dean of an engineering school at a major US research university

Cancer researcher and Lasker Award winner

Spanish Renaissance philosopher and medical theorist

Nobel Prize-winning chemist

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Former Chief Software Technology Officer at Apple

American photographer for the Manhattan Project

Psychologist known for the theory of structural cognitive modifiability

Award-winning inventor and entrepreneur

Influential Catalan paleontologist

Theoretical physicist known for Ashtekar variables

Pioneering nursing theorist and professor

Nobel Prize-winning astronomer

Former President of the University of Alabama and Penn State

Political scientist and researcher

Computer scientist and professor at Tufts University

Biochemist and first woman president of a major public university

Physicist and expert in electroactive polymers

Soviet cosmonaut and the first woman to walk in space

Saudi Arabian medical scientist and biotechnologist

American physician and academic researcher

Influential historian and social theorist

American-Israeli designer and professor at MIT Media Lab

Israeli public intellectual and biochemist

Swiss linguist and semiotician

Physicist and mathematician who formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation

Astronomer who discovered Uranus

Prominent Argentine paleontologist and anthropologist

American political scientist and professor

Italian mathematician known for the Gauss-Codazzi equations

Hematologist-oncologist and health researcher

Israeli philosopher and biblical scholar

Renaissance astronomer who formulated the heliocentric model

Inventor and robotics researcher

Influential statistician and software developer

Renowned practitioner and researcher of Chinese medicine

Psychologist and researcher in self-determination theory

Australian-born economist and consumer rights advocate

Nobel Prize-winning biochemist

Nobel Prize-winning economist

The first female physician in Finland and the Nordic countries

Scottish geologist known as the father of modern geology

Physician who invented the Pap smear

Memory researcher and mnemonist

Influential British economist

Public health researcher and professor

Notable researcher in computer vision

Physicist and Nobel laureate who discovered X-rays

Renowned roboticist and educator

NASA aerospace engineer and award-winning researcher

Pioneering American pediatric surgeon

Prominent labor economist and professor

Indian-American engineer and entrepreneur

American physician and epidemiologist

Canadian hematologist and historian of medicine

Israeli scholar and philosopher

Prominent 19th-century American paleontologist who discovered many dinosaurs

British zoologist and biologist

Computer scientist and researcher

Prominent technology scholar and social media researcher

American astronomer who fueled speculation about life on Mars

Renowned researcher in the biology of aging

Russian rocket scientist and pioneer of astronautic theory

British gynecologist and medical ethics pioneer

Influential sociologist and president of the American Sociological Association

English nurse and physician who founded the modern hospice movement

Physicist and former Iranian defense minister

American biologist and former president of Auburn University

Pakistani physician and psychiatrist

German-American anthropologist known as the father of modern anthropology

Nobel Prize-winning pharmacologist and biochemist

Inventor of the modern ballpoint pen

Soviet anthropologist and historian

German quantum chemist and professor

Medical researcher and founding chairman of amfAR

Political sociologist and author

Prominent Canadian psychiatrist and addiction researcher

Aviation pioneer and helicopter designer

Noted cultural anthropologist and author

Renowned Argentine paleontologist

Influential psychiatrist and author of 'Interpretation of Schizophrenia'

Biologist and environmental activist from Kazakhstan

Chemist who formulated the Periodic Law

Renowned American zoologist and author of influential textbooks

Birth name of Marie Curie, Nobel Prize-winning physicist and chemist

French physicist known as the father of thermodynamics

Renowned luthier and researcher of violin acoustics

Nobel Prize-winning neurophysiologist

Renowned quantum physicist

Computer scientist and pioneer in packet switching

Turing Award-winning computer scientist and philosopher

Renowned Greek neuroscientist

Revolutionary French mathematician and physicist

Influential psychotherapist and president of the Anxiety Disorders Association of America

German agricultural scientist

Prominent British chemist and inventor

Psychiatrist known for his critique of comic books

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Political theorist and professor

American geneticist who discovered sex chromosomes

Nobel Prize-winning biochemist

Aquanaut and oceanographic explorer

Turing Award-winning computer scientist known for deep learning

Nobel Prize-winning biologist

Chemist who formulated the Periodic Law and created the periodic table

Soviet cosmonaut and first person to conduct a spacewalk

American science and math teacher who inspired the Rocket Boys

Influential Persian polymath and father of early modern medicine

Indian engineer, innovator, and education reformist

Professor and researcher of African studies

Professor of Bioengineering at Stanford University

The historical name for the star system Alpha Centauri

Noted researcher in health sciences

Child prodigy and biomedical engineer

Renowned animal behaviorist and autism spokesperson

Nobel Prize-winning astrophysicist

Biomedical engineer and professor at Duke University

Mammalogist and sole survivor of LANSA Flight 508 crash

Nobel Prize-winning biochemist who invented PCR

Mathematician and philosopher who founded cybernetics

Spanish physician and medical activist

Influential psychiatrist and revolutionary philosopher

Inventor and electrical engineer

Renowned Scottish philosopher and ethicist

Astronomer, physicist and engineer often called the father of modern science

Renowned roboticist and educator

Swedish physician and professor of histology

Senegalese historian, anthropologist, and physicist

Environmental law professor and fish biology expert

Pioneering African American educator and mathematician

Prominent Russian and Soviet botanist and geneticist

Human geneticist who identified breast cancer genes

Hungarian engineer and inventor of the phase-converter

Spanish computer scientist and founder of Menéame

Indian academic and pioneer in women's studies

English physician and scientist who pioneered the smallpox vaccine

Syrian-German political scientist and professor

Scottish-American astronomer who helped catalog thousands of stars

Lead Soviet rocket engineer during the Space Race

Award-winning Indian economist and professor

Nobel Prize-winning physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure

Botanist and director of the National Tropical Botanical Garden

Renowned Polish astronomer

Renowned occupational therapist and educator

Pioneering psychologist and educator

One of the original Mercury Seven astronauts

German self-taught scientist and inventor of the Reis telephone

Nobel Prize-winning economist and mathematician

American archaeologist and anthropologist

Greek mathematician and engineer known as Hero

Soviet cosmonaut and first person to walk in space

Influential Belgian psychologist and educator

19th-century mathematician and biographer

Renowned engineer and professor of petroleum engineering

Influential evolutionary psychologist

First South Korean astronaut

Filipino inventor of the SALt lamp

Pioneering American cryptanalyst and author

Linguist known for her work on minority languages

Synthetic biologist and professor

Peruvian physician and statesman

German ornithologist

German astronomer and mathematician who discovered the laws of planetary motion

Renowned Senegalese philosopher and professor

Nobel Prize-winning economist

American scientist who founded chemical thermodynamics

Philosopher and founder of sociology

Italian physician and founder of occupational medicine

Young Pakistani physicist known for his research on the electric honeycomb

Cardiac surgeon who performed the first human-to-human heart transplant

Polish scientist and Antarctic explorer

First Malaysian orthopaedic surgeon and astronaut

Applied mathematician and professor

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Social anthropologist and professor known for migration studies

American astronomer who discovered the moons of Mars

Academic researcher in journalism and visual communication

English mathematician known for the Hardy-Weinberg principle

Persian polymath and architect

Renowned nuclear physicist and engineer

Physicist who proved the existence of electromagnetic waves

Renowned Pakistani archaeologist and Egyptologist

IBM engineer known as the father of the hard disk drive

Renowned professor of anthropology

Prolific American inventor known as 'Lady Edison'

Abel Prize-winning mathematician

Famed 18th-century Dutch astronomer

Computer science professor and researcher at Dartmouth College

Renowned physician and professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins

Nobel Prize-winning economist and philosopher

Augustinian friar and founder of modern genetics

Clinical psychologist known for research on antisocial behavior

Soviet cosmonaut and third human in space

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Soviet aerospace engineer and a key figure in the space program

Nobel Prize-winning chemist

Pioneer in medical research and public health

Persian polymath and prolific author

Danish astronomer who made the first quantitative measurements of the speed of light

Influential Danish astronomer known for accurate planetary observations

Distinguished professor and social work scholar

The boundary between Earth's atmosphere and outer space, named for Theodore von Kármán

Marine biologist and environmental broadcaster

Renowned Israeli mathematician known for his work in ring theory

Renowned evolutionary developmental biologist

Nobel Prize-winning German biologist

Pioneering sociologist and educator

Venezuelan-American ethologist and professor

Famous French volcanologist and geologist

Italian psychiatrist who described Stendhal syndrome

Influential nursing theorist and midwife

Renowned mathematician

Computer architecture researcher and professor at MIT

16th-century Italian cryptologist

Psychologist known for the Forer effect

Logician and philosopher known for Wang tiles

Lithuanian-Soviet psychologist and psychiatrist

British experimental zoologist and medical statistician

English physician and founder of the modern hospice movement

Former Deputy Administrator of NASA and aerospace engineer

Entrepreneur and academic known for founding Cirrus Logic

Pioneering computer scientist and inventor

Chemist who contributed to the discovery of DNA structure

Noted researcher in the field of microbiology

Prominent physicist and researcher

Zimbabwean permaculture expert and environmentalist

Computer scientist and researcher

American physicist and pioneer in computing

Developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst

Polymath and father of early chemistry

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Biophysicist known for discovering the principle of fMRI

Pioneering physicist and father of modern optics

Renowned primatologist and conservationist

Jamaican-born American anthropologist and author

Russian rocket scientist and pioneer of astronautic theory

Nobel Prize-winning physicist who co-discovered cosmic microwave background radiation

Anatomist and paleoanthropologist

Aerospace engineer and space architect

Nobel Prize-winning chemist who discovered noble gases

Community psychologist and human rights scholar

Danish engineer who developed magnetic sound recording

Influential German sociologist and philosopher

Iraqi conservationist and environmental scientist

Renowned Mexican astronomer

Swedish-British amateur naturalist and author

Physician and bacteriologist who discovered the Shiga bacillus

Conservation biologist and Chief Conservation Scientist at CWS

Indian immunologist

Prominent neuroscientist and professor

Renowned Mexican linguist and academic

Notable German theoretical physicist

Prominent American geneticist and professor

American biochemist known for geobiology research

Renowned Lithuanian-American archaeologist and anthropologist

Prominent humanitarian surgeon and public health specialist

Noted molecular biologist

Prominent sociologist and professor

French botanist and geologist known for exploring the Pyrenees

Nobel Prize-winning physicist

Greek philosopher and mathematician

American biblical scholar and Dead Sea Scrolls expert

Chief Medical Officer of Partners In Health

Dutch astronomer and Marxist theorist

Computer scientist and author of the OAuth protocol

Environmental health researcher and epidemiologist

Czech psychiatrist and pioneer in transpersonal psychology

Nuclear physicist and pioneer in radiation shielding

Renowned historical linguist

American physical anthropologist

Space researcher and co-founder of World View Enterprises

American ichthyologist known as the Shark Lady

Prominent American methodologist and professor

Pioneering physicist and father of modern optics

Epidemiologist and health equity advocate

Professor of Pharmaceutical Nanoscience and pioneer in drug delivery

Renowned cancer biologist

Scottish marine biologist and Fellow of the Royal Society

Astronomer who discovered Pluto

Leading Yiddish linguist and lexicographer

Hungarian psychoanalyst and close associate of Freud

Influential Irish philosopher of science and priest

American explorer and former president of the University of Alaska

Renowned computer vision researcher and professor

Nobel Prize-winning ethologist and ornithologist

Anthropologist and first female African American president of Spelman College

Indonesian philosopher and astronomer

Prominent Israeli archaeologist and paleoanthropologist

Nobel Prize-winning physician and biochemist

Pioneering Russian mathematician and first woman to hold a professorship in Northern Europe

American linguist and professor specializing in Central Asian languages

Herpetologist and wildlife conservationist

Renowned roboticist and educator

Prominent international relations scholar and professor

Serbian-American inventor and electrical engineer

Renowned American geologist and professor